Rotary machine.



' L, J. JEAN-BAPTISTE LE BOND. Bonny MACHINE.

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L. J'- JEAN-BAPTISTE LE ROND.

ROTARY MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED IEB. 8,1900.

1 919,897. Patented Apr. 27, 1909.

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ROTARY MACHINE. APPLIUATION'IILBD FEB. 8,1906.

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L. J. IEAN- BAPTISTE LE BOND.

ROTARY MACHINE. APPLIUATION FILED. I'BB. 8, 1908. 1 919,397, Patented Apr. 27, 1909.

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L. J.. JEAN-BAPTISTB LE BOND.

ROTARY MACHINE.

' APPLICATION FILED IEB. a, 1906.

Patented Apr. 27,1909.

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Louis iuLes JEAN-BAPTIsTE-Ln noun, or PARIS, FRANCE.

ROTARY MACHINE.

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 27, 1909.

' Application filed FebruaryB, 1906. Serial No. 300,179.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I,,LoUIs JULEs JEAN- BAPTISTE Ln RoND,-a citizen of the Republic of France, and resident of Paris, France, have invented new and useful Improve ments in Rotary Machines, which improvements are fully. set .forth in the following specification. J

This invention relates to a rotary machine which can work as a motor, as a pump or a combination of motors and pumps, and is characterized by certain improvements in the construction of rotary machines generally, the object of which is to improve their construction, to render their regulation automatic and to increase the tightness of their joints.

In order to make the explanation as clear as possible, a'machine according to this invention is illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying" drawings.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the new machine, Fig. 2 is i a cross-section, Fig. 3 shows a special arrangement of the obturating cylinder, Fig. 4 shows another special arrangement of the obturating cylinders, Fig. 5 shows a special method of securing the piston, Fig. 6 shows a leak-preventing device, Fig. 7 shows a hollow obturator of the same width as its chamber, Fig. 8 shows a hollow obturator of the construction shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 9 shows a hollow obturator of the construction shownin Fig. 3, Fig. 10 shows an outer distributingcylinder when the machine has distributing arts,

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the cy indei shown in Fig. 10, showing the'manner in which it is mounted in the machine, Fig. 11 7 shows an inner distributing cylinder for use in the same case, Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the cylinder shown in Fig. 11 and the adjacent parts. Fig. 12 shows-'for use in thesame casea construction-of balanced valve, Fig. 12 is an enlargedview of the valve shown in Fig. 12 and the adjacent parts. Fig. 13 is a detail view of Fig. 12, Fig. 14 shows a compensating device for the valve shown in Fig. 12, Fig. 14E shows the manner of mounting the compensating de vice shown'in Fig. 14; Fig. 15 shows another compensating device for the same valve, Fig. 15 shows the mounting of the com ensating device shown in Fig. 15. Fig. 16 s ows the a plication of the same device to the case of f ur steam passages, Fig. 16 shows the manner inwhich the device illustratedin Fig. 16 is mounted. Fig. 17 shows the arrangement of the toothed wheel in the equilibrium chamber 6 of Fig. 1, Fig. 18 shows another arrangement of toothed wheel gear for transmitting movement to the various spindles, Fig. 19 is a diagram of the different paths of the-steam for forward driving and reversing, Fig; 20' shows a two-way cock for reversing, Fig. 21. shows a bent cock for the .same purpose, Fig. 22 shows a special cock for the same purpose, Fig. 23 shows compound cocks replacing a whole series of simple cocks, Fig. 2 1 shows a multi ple slide valve having'the same object.

' The novel features of the invention will be described, byway of example, in connection with a machine of the system covered by French Patents Nos. 111,538 and 213,573 granted to me,'respectively, on June 13, 1902, and June 21,1904. In these patents there are described rotary machines having compound expansion and embodying rotating pistons and obturators. One of these machines shownin Figs. 1 and 2 andis composed of a certain number of annular chambers in which the pistons 1 rotate, said pistons being fixed to the motor-shaft and rotating synchronously with the obturators, which are designated by reference numeral 16. As shown in the drawings, the pistons 1 are carriedby rings 2 which can slide longitudinally on a cylinder 3, being keyed to the latter by means of fixed keys 14 or by any other arrangement permittingthe longitudinal slidin of the rings, while preventing their angu ar displacement with re spect to said cylinder. The obturators '16 are fixed to shafts which also have a sliding connection with them. This connection is obtained by means of keys 14,- as shown, or by any other suitable arrangement.

In the casing or shell of the machine, which is formed in two parts, there are formed: a steam jacket, intermediate conduits, and different chambers, such-as 6, 7 and 8, the function of which will be hereinafter explained. The chambers 4 are steam ports which establish communication with the has been said, either by the use of fixedkeys or any othersuitable arrangement eflecting 7 the same results. Thus, as shown in Fig. 5,

the piston, denoted by P, could slide on a fixed support T. i I

The obturators can be either solid, as indicated in Fig. 2, or hollow, as shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9. They may have the same width as theworking chambers, as in Fig. 1, or be wider, as in Fig. 4. ried by the same shaft might be formed by a series of cylinders, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 4, or a single cylinder, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 9. In this last case packing rings 9 are used to insure tight oints between the ditferent chambers. These packing rings 9 are shown in Fig. 1 as being mounted on the periphery of the cylinder 3 in such a way as to form tight joints between the chambers.

The foregoing arrangements have for their object to reduce to a minimum leaks between the different parts. In particular the arrangements of the fixed keys or similar devices for the pistons, cylinder, rings and obturators have for their object to permit variations in expansion with minimum play, each movable part moving freely in its chamber.

In the casing or shell there are formed different chambers independent 01" the working chambers. The chambers 6 at the two ends of the machine are put into communication by conduits 13 which have for their object to avoid end-thrust; they can also be put in communication with each other, with the atmosphere or any other desired medium, and particularly serve as a steam jacket.

The small chambers 7, which are formed. in the casing adjacent to the bearings 11, are leak-preventers which have for their object to prevent the escape of steam or the entrance of air. They are formed between packing rings 9 on the main shaft. When it is necessary to prevent the entrance of air into the casing, said chambers 7 may be filled by steam which arrives in a stream through a small pipe t, as shown in Fig. 6, which shows a modification or the leak-preventing arrangement, which in this case acts upon the ends of the cylinder instead of upon the shaft.

Adjacent the bearings 11. the casing of the machine is further provided with smallchamhere 8. Applied to the shaft within these chambers are hydro extracting disks 12. When the machine is in operation the rotation of these disks prevents the water or steam from penetrating into the bearings.

The packing rings 9 can be made in two parts which adhere by the difference in the coeflicient of expansion, for example, they may be made of bronze with an envelop of iron in case the machine is to be operated by steam or other heating agent, or they can be of iron having an envelop of bronze it the machine produces cold, as in a pnuematic machine. The adherence can also be effect- Or the obturators cared mechanically, for example, by clamping the rings between the parts of the machine, and the machine can be made in two parts, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or any number of parts constituted and assembled in any suitable manner, l or example, by means o'l bolts arranged as shown in Fig. 2.

The preceding arrangements are equally applicable to motors, pumps or combinations of motors and pumps.

As parts of the distributing gear, valves or any similar devices can be used.

The following constructions may be cited by way of example:

1. ylinders acting as relicshlovable cylinders provided with ports, slide in the interior or outside a lixed cylinder provided with corresponding openings and can be con trolled either by a releasable valve by providing itsspindle with a suitable elastic tappet, or in any other manner. Fig. 10 shows a movable outside cylinder e and Fig. 11 a movable inside cylinder 0-". The cylinders can be made either with or without seg ments, grooves or other packing devices. Several similar cylinders can be arranged side by side in the same distributing chest and controlled by one and the same rod to which they are connected by means of straps, collars or in any other suitable manner.

2. A device applicable for enabling the above mentioned cylinders to be easily fixed or for balanced or non-balanced valves. Fig. 12 shows, by way of example, the arrange ment in question applied to a balanced valve with double seat. In that figure the upper bearing is shown detachable. The bottom seat is constituted by a detachable washer a resting on a suitable ground lodge, a packing ring being interposed it i'iecessary. The up per seat forms a portion of a box I) (Figs. 12 and 13), the bottom of which rests on the seat 0. Finally, the disk 0 rests on the box I) which presses the seat a on the ledge. The 'joint of the disk can be made by means of any suitable elastic packing.

3. For high speed valves, with single or double seat, independently of the elastic tappet mentioned before which. does away with the noise, it might be advantageous to provide the rod with an elastic device absorbing the mon'ientum of the valve and its spindle, and similar in its action to the bullers of railway cars. Figs. 14 and 15 show two examples of this device, the valve being, moreover, controlled in any desired manner. In the diagrammatic Fig. 14, the small spring (I absorbs the shock due to the momentum oi the valve and its spindle, when pulled back by the spring 0. f shows, by way of example, a tappet provided with an elastic buller g. Fig. 15 shows a construction of the same device in which the spring (I is outside. The elastic tappet can then be, for instance, annular in order to receive the shock from h.

By means ofthe same system, not only .one, but two or more valves'can be controlled by a single spindle (Fig. 16) as good a joint bein obtained for each valve as if it were the on y one.

The inventorreserves to himself the right to substitute the action of steam in suitable small cylinders, for that of the returnorcompensating springs, or of both, by controlling the valve spindle either directly or by means of levers, rods, cranks or in any other way. In a cylinder such as those described, the ad mission of steam can, moreover, be always open or closed in a suitable manner at any desired point of the stroke, in order to obtain a uniform return or' compensating effort, either increasing or decreasing. He also reserves to himself the admission of steam or air or a liquid to the opposite face of the piston, in order to produce a braking effect, if necessary.

Any suitable arrangements of toothed wheels or similar parts can beused for insuring synchronous rotation ofthe spindlesof the machine. The two arrangements described below will be found advantageous.

. 1. The toothed wheels can be arranged on the spindles inside the casing of the machine in one of the equilibrium chamber-s6 arranged at the ends, for instance at E (Fig. 17 ,so as to expand like the rest of the machine and not have any more play when the apparatus is hot than when it is cold.

2. For obtaining the same result, the following device can be used: A beam B is mounted in any desired manner, provided it can rotate about the axis ofthe driving shaft H to which is securedthe toothed wheelE. This beam su )ports the spindles 'i and t of the toothed W eels 1c and 7c, having the desired ratio with E. The rotation of the spindles i and i is transmitted by rods, chains or any suitable manner to the spindles 0 and 0.

In Fig. 18, by way of example, the motion of the spindle i is transmitted to the spindle 0 by means of orthogonal cranks or eccentrics connected by rods 1 and 2. The relative positions and the transmission of motion are thus insured in a reliable manner. The two spindles can, moreover, be connected by a distance rod 3, although this is not essential.

In any case, the beam automatically takes up the desired position, whatever be the exansion of the machine, and as the Wheels ave the same temperature as their support their play does not vary. Consequently the relations of speed and of keying of the spindles N, 0 and 0 and of the parts which they support, remain the same whatever be the variations of temperature.

The engine can be reversed simply by reversing the direction of circulation of steam in the chambers and in the passages. Any reversing device giving this result can, therefore, be applied.

. Some simpleconstructions of the reversing gear in a machine with two obturators or two acting sectors, such as are described at the beginning of this specification, will now be shown, by way of example.

First of all, the intermediate conduits can have the two positions shown in Fig. 2.

It is only necessary to point out that in any case the problem is reduced to connecting, either in one or in the other direction, the ports of two successive chambers n and n+. 1 with the intermediate conduit 1 n, a 1 (Fig. 19). But, whether the Fig. 19 be in any horizontal, vertical or inclined plane, the problem remains the same, and the direction of rotation will change according as steam will follow the dotted or the chain-dotted path. This result can, however, be obtained y means of single, rotating, two-way cocks, such as B, Fig. 20; orbent'cocks, such as R Fig;j21; (or of special type, such as the cock R ,]Fig. 21); or of special type, such as thecock B Fig. 22, which replaces two cocks R or compound cocks, such as E, Fig; 23. i It will be seen that the latter cock replaces all the cooks corresponding to a seriesofports15 15 15+1. Four cocks, such as R, are sufficient for all reversing, whatever he the number of successive chambers.

As a last example, Fig. 24 shows the arrangement of piston valves equivalent to the cock R; A singleumanipulation brings it from the position in fulllines to the dotted position which effects the reversing.

Thesevarious devices bring about, in one and the same manner; the reversing, and are given as an example of the numerous arrangements that are possible and which the inventor reserves to himself the right to apply whenever necessary.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A rotary machine comprising a casing, a cylinder rotatable therein, a plurality of rings capable of longitudinal movement on said cylinder, pistons carried by said rings, and rotatable obturators coacting with said pistons.

2. In a rotary machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a

cylinder rotatable therein, rings slidable along said cylinder but fixed against independent rotation, pistons carried by said rings, and rotatable obturators coacting with said pistons. at opposite sides of the casing and capable of endwise sliding movement.

3. In a rotary machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a cylinder rotatable therein, a plurality of rings slidable longitudinally along said cylinder but fixed against rotation independently thereof, radially extending pistons carried by said rings, obturator shafts within the casing at opposite sides thereof, and retary obturators mounted on said shafts and coacting with said pistons, said obturators being fixed against angular movement on their shafts but capable of longitudinal movement thereon.

4. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing formed in two united parts having the plane of their joint passing through the axis of the casing, a shaft supported by the two parts of the easing, a cylinder turning in said casing and separated at its ends from the walls of said casing by chambers, rings carried by said cylinder, pistons carried by said rings, and obturators cooperating with said pistons.

5. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a casing, a cylinder rotatable therein and spaced from the ends thereof, said cylinder having an interior chamber 5 and conduits 13 in the ends thereof leading to said chamber, pistons carried by said cylinder, and obturators to cooperate with said pistons.

6. In a machine of the character described, a casing of generally cylindrical form eonstituting a working chamber and subject to changes in temperature through contact with the Working fluid, the chamber being provided with end bearings for a shaft and divided in a plane passing axially through the bearings, a shaft mounted in the bearings and rotatable therein, the shaft being grooved annularly within the bearings, packing rings seated in the grooves in the shaft and having normally a diameter equal to that of the bearings, the packing rings being composed of material having a different ee-eflicient of heat-expansion from the material of the bearin s, so as to ex )and relatively thereto and bind tightly within the bearings when the machine is at working temperature, and a rotatable member of the machine mounted on the shaft and within the working chamber formed in the casing.

7. In a machine of the character described, a casing provided with a plurality of obturator-chambers arranged co-axially and in line with each other, a common. shaft passing through the several chambers, and a plurality of separate obturators mounted upon the shaft and. located in the chambers, the obturators being fixed against rotation with respect to the shaft but free to move longitudinally thereon.

8. In a machine of the character described, a casing, a rotary member operating therein, a power shaft on which said member is mounted, the shaft being journaled in the casing, valve mechanism comprising a rotary shaft journaled in the casing, and connections between the power shaft and the valvemechanism shaft for actuating the latter, said connections having provision for compensating for the expansion and contraction of the casing due to changes in the temperature of the casing. 7

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LOUIS JULES JEAN-BAP'llS'lll hll BOND. Witnesses EMILE LEDRET, HANsoN C. (30x12, 

